Рідкокристалічний дисплейний модуль відноситься до модульної збірки, утвореної шляхом складання панелей рідкокристалічного дисплея та відповідних керуючих схем, підсвічування, інтегральних схем та інших компонентів разом. Його структура змінюється в залежності від застосування продуктів, що перебувають на виробництві.
In recent years, with the development of touch technology, the application of touch screens in liquid crystal displays, especially small and medium-sized liquid crystal displays, has become more and more common. The touch screen integrated liquid crystal display module also includes the structure of a touch screen.
Знайомство з ланцюгом виробництва РК-модулів: висока прибутковість з боку матеріалів
From the perspective of the industry chain, the LCD module industry chain can be divided into upstream basic materials, midstream panel manufacturing and downstream end products. Among them, upstream basic materials include: glass substrate, color filter, polarizer, liquid crystal material, driver IC, backlight module, conductive silver paste, photoresist, etc.; midstream panel manufacturing includes: array (Array), boxed (Cell), module (Module); downstream terminal products include: LCD TV, computer, smart phone, digital camera, vehicle display and medical equipment.
From the analysis of the gross profit rate of the liquid crystal display module industry chain, the famous theoretical "smile curve" is formed: the gross profit rate of the industry chain is U-shaped, the high gross profit rate on the left is the upstream basic material (more than 40 percent gross profit rate), and the middle is low. The gross profit margin is midstream panel manufacturing (10-20 percent gross profit margin), and the higher gross profit margin on the right is downstream terminal products (20-30 percent gross profit margin).
The "smile curve" is mainly due to technical barriers and competitive landscape. The technical threshold of basic materials in the upstream of the industrial chain is extremely high, and most of them are monopolized by a few companies such as Japan, South Korea, and the United States, creating the status quo of high gross profit in the upstream of the industrial chain. Half of the midstream panel manufacturing is controlled by South Korea. Since mainland China joined the battle for market share, the competitive landscape in the midstream has become more intense. The downstream application fields are wide, the competition pattern is relatively scattered, and the gross profit margin is at the midstream level.
Looking back at the development of the LCD industry, the United States took the lead in successfully developing LCD technology, while Japanese manufacturers successfully industrialized LCD technology. With the launch of the world's first 14-inch LCD monitor by Sharp in 1988, Japan almost monopolized the world's LCD panel industry. Since the 1990s, Korean and Taiwanese panel companies have risen one after another. Relying on government support, they have invested in counter-cyclical investment in high-end production lines, successfully surpassing Japanese companies. Since then, the LCD panel market has been dominated by South Korea and Taiwan for a long time. Since 2010, mainland LCD panel factories have begun to exert their efforts. After decades of difficult development, a number of mid- and downstream leading companies such as BOE and Huawei have emerged one after another in mainland China, making it possible for China's LCD industry to mature and achieve group breakthroughs. Transfer from Taiwan to the mainland.
Global LCD panel shipment ranking in 2018, BOE (54.3 million), LGD (48.6 million), Innolux (45.1 million), Samsung (39.4 million) and CSOT (38.7 million) ranked globally In the top five, China has become one of the most important regions for global LCD panel shipments.
The domestic industrial platform has opened up a living space for upstream raw material enterprises, so that the independent material research and development system in mainland my country has the opportunity to enter the upward cycle. Although the upstream materials are still dominated by companies from Europe, America, Japan and South Korea, there is still a certain gap between the quality of products in mainland China and foreign materials, and the market share is small, and it is concentrated in the low-end fields. Under the circumstance that domestic enterprises insist on RD and innovation, the market pattern is quietly changing.
Розмір ринку: Зростання випуску кінцевих продуктів спонукає до поступового відновлення індустрії РК-модулів
Benefiting from the development of the global electronic information industry, from 2011 to 2014, the market size of the global liquid crystal display module industry showed a trend of continuous growth. In 2014, the market size of the global LCD module industry exceeded US750 billion. Affected by the reduction of production capacity and the upgrading of display technology, the global LCD module market size declined from 2015 to 2016. In 2016, the global LCD module industry market size was approximately US617 billion. In 2017, the global liquid crystal display module industry market size was USD 712.5 billion. With the increase in the output of products such as downstream terminal products of liquid crystal display modules, the demand for liquid crystal display modules has also expanded. It is estimated that in 2018, the market size of the global liquid crystal display module industry will reach about 745 billion.
Liquid crystal display modules are the core components of many electronic products. More and more electronics manufacturers in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan have transferred their liquid crystal display module production lines to mainland China. The grades are on the rise. Since 2009, more than 80 percent of the global LCD module production capacity has been provided by mainland China, of which southern China has played an important role. Judging from the output of the domestic LCD module industry, the overall period from 2011 to 2014 was in a continuous upward range. In 2014, the domestic LCD module industry shipments reached 8.446 billion sets. In 2016, the industry's production capacity was adjusted, and the output of liquid crystal display molds decreased to 5.525 billion sets. In 2017, the production of liquid crystal display modules increased slightly, reaching 5.565 billion units.
With the increase in the output of smartphones, tablet computers and other products, the demand for liquid crystal display modules has also expanded. It is estimated that in 2018, the output of China's liquid crystal display module industry will reach about 6.75 billion sets.
Competitive landscape: BOE's revenue and output rank first in the country, and the industry head effect is obvious
There are a large number of domestic LCD module companies. Compared with LCD panels, LCD modules have lower technical barriers and less investment. A large number of domestic mobile phone LCD module companies are located in southern China represented by Shenzhen. Since 2017, the full screen has been the biggest highlight of smartphones. Many LCM companies have been actively putting into production, and have even developed and mass-produced 18:9 full screen.
In terms of shipments, in June 2018, the shipments of the TOP20 LCD module companies exceeded 138KK, and the top three were BOE, Tianma, and China Optoelectronics. Among them, BOE topped the list with 26KK shipments.
From the perspective of production capacity, at present, there are 39 LCD production lines in mainland China, and since 2017, the LCD production lines built or under construction in mainland China are basically 8.5-generation lines and above, including BOE's 10.5-generation line that is expected to be put into production in 2020. And the 11th generation line of Huaxing Optoelectronics, which is expected to be put into production in 2019. In the past few years, the production capacity in mainland my country has expanded rapidly, and the industrial development momentum has been strong. Considering the gradual ramp-up of landed production capacity and the increase of new production capacity in the future, it is expected that the growth rate of LCD production capacity in mainland China is expected to exceed 10 percent in the next three years. The increase in panel production capacity is expected to further drive the demand for materials, and the expansion of domestic panel manufacturers is conducive to the localization of materials.
From the perspective of the revenue of listed companies, as of the first three quarters of 2018, BOE continued to occupy the first position with 69.464 billion yuan, and Oufei Technology, Shentianma, Dongshan Precision and Holitech had strong growth momentum. The industry head effect is prominent, and the operating income of the top six companies has reached 86 percent .
У 2017 році середній розмір глобальної РК-телевізійної панелі становив 44,3 дюйма, і очікується, що до 2020 року середній розмір глобальної РК-телевізійної панелі зросте до 48,5 дюйма. А більший розмір панелі означає більше використання матеріалу. На даний момент на лінію 8-го покоління припадає аж 65 відсотків усієї виробничої потужності лінійки LCD панелей Samsung, тоді як в інших регіонах виробнича потужність лінійки 10-го покоління і вище становить 5 відсотків, а лінія 8-го покоління виробничі потужності становлять 5 відсотків. 46 відсотків. У майбутньому очікується, що світові виробники РК-панелей збільшать інвестиції та будівництво ліній високого{13}}покоління.
At present, the global LCD industry is moving towards the 8.X generation line and the 10 plus generation line, and the development of the high-generation line is also an opportunity for mainland factories to catch up with Korean and Taiwanese companies. In terms of cutting efficiency, the 8.5-generation wire-cut 65-inch TV can be cut by 66-inch plus 32-inch TV sets, achieving a cutting efficiency of 94 percent ; the 10.5-generation wire-cut 55-inch, 65-inch and 75-inch TVs can all reach more than 90 percent . cutting efficiency. With the popularization of high-definition large-size TVs, 55-inch, 65-inch and 75-inch TVs will gradually become mainstream products, while the 8.X generation line and the 10 plus generation line have the economical cutting benefit of large size, so the high-generation line will compete in the future. more advantageous. In addition, South Korea's Samsung and LGD have gradually shifted their focus from LCD to OLED. Therefore, from the perspective of the 8.X generation line that has been completed in 2017 and the high-generation line such as the 10 plus generation line planned to be built in the future, the mainland has occupied a leading position.
In terms of technology development trends, liquid crystal display technology has become the mainstream in the market in the last ten years, completely replacing the traditional CRT picture tube technology. In the future, OLED and QLED may become the new direction of technology development in the liquid crystal display industry.
