The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to conform to the development trend of "Internet plus ", take the deep integration of informatization and industrialization as the main line, focus on the development of a new generation of information technology, CNC machine tools and robots, and 10 major fields of agricultural machinery and equipment, strengthen industrial basic capabilities, and improve technological levels. and product quality, and promote intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing.
Previously, with the decline of the total labor force in China for three consecutive years, the cost of recruiting labor in China has become higher and higher. Even in rural areas in remote areas, it costs more than 100 yuan per day to find ordinary migrant workers for agricultural planting and harvesting, and as much as hundreds of dollars.
In developed countries, not only cotton harvesting, but also cabbage harvesting and grape picking have been mechanized by industrial computers. This is also the reason why the productivity of developed agriculture is much higher than that of China, and the production cost of agricultural products is much lower than that of China.
In this regard, Zhang Qizai, assistant to the director of the Industrial Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that it is necessary to develop the above-mentioned manufacturing industries. The reason is that China's labor costs are getting higher and higher. Proposing a new manufacturing development strategy and vigorously developing robots and agricultural machinery can solve the problem of labor shortages.
Promote Chinese manufacturing from big to strong
Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council presided over an executive meeting of the State Council on March 25 and pointed out that China is in the process of accelerating industrialization, and manufacturing is an important pillar and foundation of the national economy. "Made in China 2025" is of great importance in promoting China's manufacturing from big to strong, making China's manufacturing include more Chinese-created factors, relying more on Chinese equipment, relying on Chinese brands, and promoting the economy to maintain a medium-high growth rate and move towards a medium-to-high-end level. significance.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to conform to the development trend of "Internet plus ", take the deep integration of informatization and industrialization as the main line, and focus on the development of a new generation of information technology, CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, marine engineering equipment and high-tech ships, advanced orbital Transportation equipment, energy-saving and new energy vehicles, electric power equipment, new materials, biomedicine and high-performance medical equipment, agricultural machinery and equipment are in 10 major fields, strengthen industrial basic capabilities, improve process level and product quality, and promote intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing.
The 21st Century Business Herald learned that the above 10 major areas are more specific than the emerging strategic industries proposed in 2010.
In 2010, the "Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries" (Guo Fa 2010 No. 32) involved seven major industries, namely energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation information technology, biological industry, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy , new material industry, new energy automobile industry.
Among them, the high-end equipment manufacturing industry includes strengthening the aviation industry, promoting the development of the satellite and its application industry, vigorously developing rail transit equipment, and vigorously developing marine engineering equipment. Actively develop intelligent manufacturing equipment with digitization, flexibility and system integration technology as the core.
This time, the classification of CNC machine tools and robots, aerospace equipment, marine engineering equipment, high-tech ships, and advanced rail transit equipment was separated from the original general category of high-end equipment manufacturing.
Chen Qiang, director of the Industrial Economic Research Office of the Economic Forecasting Department of the Information Center, said that the 10 major industries proposed this time are more high-end and more detailed than the last emerging strategic industries. For example, agricultural machinery and equipment are obviously related to the gradual reduction of China's rural labor force, and the next step is to solve problems such as fewer people farming.
"The gap between China and the developed world is still very large, especially in the agricultural field. At present, the impact of the Internet on the economy is similar to the impact of electricity on the past industrial revolution. Therefore, in the above fields, it is necessary to use the Internet to make breakthroughs as soon as possible."
Up to now, more and more fields in rural areas have begun to realize mechanized production. Among them, cotton can be planted mechanized. Rice and wheat are generally harvested by mechanized harvesting. However, the proportion of mechanized planting of rice is still not high. Low. For example, mechanized harvesting of vegetables and fruits has not yet been realized.
Make sure to make key breakthroughs and not rush into it
The executive meeting pointed out that the next step is to introduce the guidelines for the upgrade of key areas of manufacturing in China to the Green Book Catalogue, dynamic adjustment, and rolling progress.
The meeting said that to adhere to market leadership, reform and innovation, give full play to the role of enterprises as the main body, and support large and medium-sized enterprises to promote key breakthroughs and achieve practical results, fiscal and taxation, finance, talent and other policies should be given preferential treatment. Through unremitting efforts, we will create an upgraded version of China's manufacturing industry.
The 21st Century Business Herald has learned that since 2010, China's manufacturing output has accounted for 19.8 percent of the world's manufacturing industry, making it a major manufacturing country in the world. However, although China is a major manufacturing country in the world, it is not a powerful country. A typical example is that many core components are difficult to produce.
For example, the engine of the plane, the chip of the computer, and even the inner coating of the rice cooker, etc. However, some high-end technologies are difficult to obtain through imports and can only be developed independently. This is also the background of the "Made in China 2025" strategy.
At present, with the advent of the new global industrial revolution, countries have proposed similar new strategies, typically Germany has proposed the strategy of Industry 4.0. But some experts believe these strategies are different from those of China. Guo Chongqing, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, believes that the meaning of "Internet plus " for China is more suitable for China. The essence of the Internet is openness, public participation, co-creation, inclusiveness, equality, disintermediation, and platform-based integration. China promotes innovation through the Internet thinking of open source, openness, co-creation, and sharing. RD is different.
The 21st Century Business Herald learned that Jiangsu is formulating the "Made in China 2025" action plan, and is preparing to focus on building 10 B2B e-commerce trading platforms with a scale of 100 billion to guide steel, chemicals, ships, medicine, non-ferrous metals, textile fabrics, construction machinery and other key leading enterprises in the industry to build characteristic trading platforms.
Previously, Chongqing has also identified ten strategic emerging industries, including the cultivation of integrated circuits, liquid crystal panels, robots, new materials, Internet of Things, shale gas, biomedicine, new energy and electric vehicles, MDI, etc.
Other regions have similar strategies, but they are generally similar. Among them, energy conservation and environmental protection, new energy, new materials and other industries are more common.
Wang Angeng, a member of the Information Expert Advisory Committee, said that after proposing the development strategy of emerging industries in the past, localities have also proposed similar strategies accordingly. At present, various localities are also proposing new strategies, but each locality should determine it according to its own situation, and should develop differentiated development instead of blindly rushing forward.
Zhang Qizai, assistant to the director of the Institute of Industry of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, suggested that to promote "Made in China 2025", various supporting policies should be further introduced, otherwise many high-end products will be useless even if they are produced.
Industrial computers and new energy vehicles are difficult to travel long distances because of the lack of charging piles similar to refueling on the highway. As for Internet TV, it is still difficult to promote it on a large scale because of license restrictions.
